EXPERT REPORT OF THOMAS J. SUGRUE
Gratz, et al. v. Bollinger, et al., No. 97-75321 (E.D. Mich.)
Grutter, et al. v. Bollinger, et al., No. 97-75928 (E.D. Mich.)

Table 5: Black/White Segregation in Detroit, 1940-1990

1940   89.9    
1950   88.8    
1960   84.5    
1970   88.4    
1980   86.7    
1990   87.6    

Sources: Annemette Sorensen, Karl E. Taeuber, and Leslie J. Hollingsworth, Jr., "Indices of Racial Residential Segregation for 109 Cities in the United States, 1940 to 1970," Sociological Focus 8 (1975), pp. 128-130; Douglas S. Massey and Nancy A. Denton, American Apartheid: Segregation and the Making of the Underclass (Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1993), p. 222. The 1940-1970 figures are for the city; the 1980-1990 figures are for the Standard Metropolitan Statistical Area.

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