EXPERT REPORT OF PATRICIA GURIN
Gratz, et al. v. Bollinger, et al., No. 97-75321 (E.D. Mich.)
Grutter, et al. v. Bollinger, et al., No. 97-75928 (E.D. Mich.)
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Table i1
Learning outcomes from the classroom study on the intergroup relations, community, and conflict (IGRCC) program
IGRCC
participation
Active thinking
 Increased complex thinking blue button
 Social historical thinking blue button
Notes: IGRCC Participation during the first year of college is a dichotomous measure: psrticipant, nonparticipant. The two groups were matched as first year students, for gender, race/ethnicity, instate-out of state residency, and residence hall at Michigan. Each group was followed for four years: The outcome measures shown here come from the fourth year questionnaires that both groups completed. Positive effects indicated by a square; negative effects indicated by a diamond. Nonsignificant effects (p. > .05) not shown.
"Gurin" Table of Contents   |   Empirical Results Section